Space-time warp – where did it come from? How does gravity affect space and time?

Thanks to the work of scientists, we know that The perturbation of Mercury’s orbit is caused by the gravitational curvature of the Sun. A deceleration in time due to gravity near the Earth has also been observed. It was also able to prove its existence gravitational waves, that is, the waves of space-time itself. They are caused, among other things, by a collision black holes Anything that bends space-time so much that nothing can get out of its vicinity.

From the point of view of physics Gravity is the shape of spacetime, that is, everything that surrounds us. Time and space are three dimensions of space and time, which we treat as the fourth dimension. Each block causes the curvature of spacetime. It causes a “depression” – extending into three-dimensional space and time.

Imagine a two-dimensional plane, like a stretched rubber membrane. If we put a heavy ball on it, the surface will flex and the smaller balls nearby will be “pulled” to the bigger ball. The same thing happens in the universe – except that the membrane is four-dimensional in space-time.

under The extreme curvature of spacetime occurs in black holes. Black holes form when a massive star dies. The spacetime it occupies has such a strong gravitational pull that nothing, including light, can escape it. The black hole is surrounded by a surface called the event horizon that marks the boundary of no return. It can be compared to a well. The curvature of spacetime here is so great that nothing can overcome it.

A black hole not only bends space around it, but also bends time. Time slows down with it about a thousand times.

Even more extreme conditions exist inside the black hole. Its gravity is likely to compress all matter and energy at one point. The curvature of spacetime here becomes so huge that the so-called singularity.

Black holes have another wonderful property. They show what is happening on their side physically away from the observer. The massive gravity of a black hole bends spacetime so that we receive photons from the side of the black hole facing us away. If we were at this distance from the black hole, we could see our back for the same reason!

By observing the huge objects orbiting around it, scientists discovered that it was in its vicinity Not only does the curvature of space-time occur, but also its “drag” or “roaming”. This is the Lensego-Thirring effect. It consists in the fact that a rotating object drags space-time behind it like a spoon spinning in honey.

Albert Einstein worked on a mathematical model of the universe different from that described in the theory of relativity. The researcher had an idea that Mass not only bends space-time, it also twists it. Thus, time and space around massive objects must simultaneously bend and rotate. Einstein called this theory teleparticularism.

Like The warping of spacetime with mass would explain not only gravity but also electromagnetism, for example. However, when Einstein published his work in 1928, he only included gravity.

Einstein discovered that too Black holes can have two ends. So they can create something like a bridge between two points in spacetime. Later mathematicians proved it When we bend space-time properly, we can travel from one point to another. In theory, anyone could survive such a journey.

Like Wormholes are what are called wormholes (Literally translated as “worm-bitten holes”). We call them professionally Einstein-Rosen bridges. These are tunnels that can be used for high-speed interstellar travel. Let’s recall comparing space-time to a rubber diaphragm. When we make a recess in the form of a balloon in such a sheet and bend it, we can “take shortcuts” very far.